What is Phonemic Awareness?



Phonemic Awareness (often referred to as “PA”) is the ability to identify, separate and blend individual speech sounds (known as “phonemes”) within spoken - as opposed to written - words.
 
PA is a foundational skill, and if that foundation is weak, reading will not make sense. Because if you can't hear and isolate the sounds in spoken words, how are you supposed to connect them to the letters that represent those words?  



PA is also the skill most commonly overlooked in early literacy, because it doesn’t look like “reading." It’s not about books, spelling, sight words, or even letters... it's about sound. 
While most reading programs emphasize recognizing the first sounds in letters, it's the ability to ability to separate all the sounds in a word that is the foundation to fluent, automatic reading.  It's not necessarily hard, but it's definitely all "natural."  And it is the foundational skill that is underdeveloped in the dyslexic brain. 

        

Fortunately, it is totally learnable....
         once you find the missing link.  









Scarborough's Reading Rope is the conceptual framework behind what’s known as The Simple View of Readingwhich informs what's often commonly referred to as “The Science of Reading"  — a body of research built over more than 30 years, and strengthened by increasingly sophisticated brain-imaging evidence. 

The key idea is, (appropriately) simple: